A novel method of marking nipple areola complex in gynaecomastia surgery

Marking the position of the nipple-areola complex for mastopexy and breast reduction surgery.

In the analysis of plastic surgery of the breast, in addition to size, form, and symmetry, the appropriate position of the nipple areola has the greatest influence on our aesthetic assessment. The position of the nipple defines the point of highest projection and is a reference point for orientation during the removal of the parenchyma and skin. The static methods used for marking the location ...

Usefulness of Free Nipple-Areola Complex Graft for Nipple Malposition after Nipple Sparing Mastectomy

Purpose: This article identifies the advantage and disadvantage of a free nipple areola complex graft (FNACG) for nipple malposition which resulted from tissue-expander insertion and subsequently replaced with an implant after nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM). Methods: The subjects were three such patients treated using FNACG and who were followed up for at least one year postoperatively. The su...

The sensitivity of the nipple-areola complex: an anatomic study.

Although preservation of the sensitivity of the nipple and areola is an important goal in breast surgery, only scant and contradictory information about the course and distribution of the supplying nerves is found in the literature. The existing controversy might be due to the difficulty in dissecting the thin nerves and to frequent anatomic variations that bias the results if only a small numb...

Abstract: Critical Analysis of Nipple-Areola Complex Morphology

Advantages of Intraoperative Marking of the New Nipple/Areola Site in Mammaplasty

1 present their method for creating the new nipple/areola recipient site in vertical mammaplasty. Any design of a new nipple/areola recipient site must be based on clear objectives. Fortunately , most of these objectives are widely accepted and are not subject to opinion. Ideally, the nipple sits at the apex of the breast, and the areola margin is circular. 2 How well does the authors' techniqu...